Overview
Each solver operates their own isolated liquidity pool on every chain they support. This design ensures that one solver’s failure cannot affect others or the system.SolverPools are the source of funds for intent execution. When a solver fulfills an intent, they pay from their own pool—not shared system funds.
Architecture
Each solver maintains completely isolated pools across chains:| Solver | Ethereum | Base | Arbitrum |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solver A | 100K USDC | 50K USDC | 75K USDC |
| Solver B | 200K USDC | 100K USDC | 150K USDC |
| Solver C | 150K USDC | 80K USDC | 120K USDC |
Completely Isolated · No Shared Funds — Each solver’s pools are independent.
Responsibilities
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| Hold Liquidity | Store solver’s funds for execution |
| Execute Payouts | Transfer funds to users on solver’s behalf |
| Token Whitelisting | Only allow approved tokens |
| Spend Controls | Enforce per-transaction and rate limits |
| Access Control | Only authorized callers can trigger payouts |
Why Isolation Matters
Scenario: Solver A Compromised| Component | Impact |
|---|---|
| Solver A | Funds at Risk |
| Solver B | Unaffected ✓ |
| Solver C | Unaffected ✓ |
| System | Continues ✓ |
No Systemic Risk
If Solver A is compromised, Solver B’s funds are unaffected
Clear Accountability
Each solver is responsible for their own liquidity management
Independent Operations
Solvers can join/leave without affecting others
Transparent Capacity
Pool balances show solver’s execution capability
Execution Flow
1
Intent Detected
Solver’s monitoring system detects
OrderCreated event2
Evaluation
Solver evaluates: Do I have liquidity? Is this profitable?
3
Execution Call
Solver calls their SolverPool with execution parameters
4
Payout
SolverPool transfers funds to user (or SolverRouter for swap)
5
Settlement
After watcher verification, solver receives credit on Base
Security Features
Spend Limits
| Limit | Amount | Protection |
|---|---|---|
| Per-TX | 10K USDC | Prevents large drains |
| Hourly | 100K USDC | Limits compromise impact |
| Daily | 500K USDC | Rate-limits attacks |
Token Whitelisting
Only pre-approved tokens can be held and transferred:| Token | Status |
|---|---|
| USDC | Whitelisted |
| USDT | Whitelisted |
| Native (ETH, etc.) | Whitelisted |
| Random ERC20 | Blocked |
Access Control
Only authorized addresses can trigger payouts:- Solver’s execution keys — Primary execution authority
- Backup keys — For emergency access
- No external calls — Pool cannot be drained by third parties
Liquidity Management
Solvers manage their own liquidity across chains:- Monitoring
- Rebalancing
- Automated
| Chain | Balance | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Ethereum | 100K | ✓ Healthy |
| Base | 50K | ✓ Healthy |
| Arbitrum | 5K | ⚠️ Rebalance Needed |
Next: Learn about Solvers — the execution network.